Kitap 5
3
Some things are said to be the same in this sense, but (b) others in an essential sense, in the same number of senses as the one is essentially one; for things whose matter is formally or numerically one, and things whose substance is one, are said to be the same. Thus sameness is clearly a kind of unity in the being, either of two or more things, or of one thing treated as more than one; as, e.g., when a thing is consistent with itself; for it is then treated as two.
4
Things are called other of which either the forms or the matter or the definition of essence is more than one; and in general other is used in the opposite senses to same.
4
Things are called different which, while being in a sense the same, are other not only numerically, but formally or generically or analogically; also things whose genus is not the same; and contraries; and all things which contain otherness in their essence.
5
Things are called like which have the same attributes in all respects; or more of those attributes the same than different; or whose quality is one. Also that which has a majority or the more important of those attributes of something else in respect of which change is possible (i.e. the contraries) is like that thing. And unlike is used in the opposite senses to like.
