Kitap 5
1
Being means (1.) accidental being, (2.) absolute being. (1.) E.g., we say that the upright person is cultured, and that the man is cultured, and that the cultured person is a man; very much as we say that the cultured person builds, because the builder happens to be cultured, or the cultured person a builder; for in this sense X is Y means that Y is an accident of X.
2
And so it is with the examples cited above; for when we say that the man is cultured and the cultured person is a man or the white is cultured or the cultured is white, in the last two cases it is because both predicates are accidental to the same subject, and in the first case because the predicate is accidental to what is ; and we say that the cultured is a man because the cultured is accidental to a man.
3
(Similarly not-white is said to be, because the subject of which not-white is an accident, is .) These, then, are the senses in which things are said to be accidentally: either because both predicates belong to the same subject, which is ; or because the predicate belongs to the subject, which is ; or because the subject to which belongs that of which it is itself predicated itself is .
