Kitap 3
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Further, there is the hardest and most perplexing question of all: (x.) whether Unity and Being (as the Pythagoreans and Plato maintained) are not distinct, but are the substance of things; or whether this is not so, and the substrate is something distinctDiscussed Aristot. Met. 3.4.24-34; answered Aristot. Met. 7.16.3-4, Aristot. Met. 10.2.(as Empedocles holds of Love,Actually Love was no more the universal substrate than was any other of Empedocles’ elements; Aristotle appears to select it on account of its unifying function. another thinkerHeraclitus. of fire, and another Thales. of water or airAnaximenes.);
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and (xi.) whether the first principles are universal or like individual thingsDiscussed Aristot. Met. 3.6.7-9; for the answer see Aristot. Met. 7.13-15, Aristot. Met. 13.10.; and (12.) whether they exist potentially or actually; and further whether their potentiality or actuality depends upon anything other than motionDiscussed Aristot. Met. 3.6.5-6; for the relation of potentiality to actuality see Aristot. Met. 9.1-9; for actuality and motion see Aristot. Met. 12.6-7.; for these questions may involve considerable difficulty.
