Kitap 7
1.42
Rhetoric according to them may be divided into invention of arguments, their expression in words, their arrangement, and delivery; and a rhetorical speech into introduction, narrative, replies to opponents, and peroration.
1.43
Dialectic (they hold) falls under two heads: subjects of discourse and language. And the subjects fall under the following headings: presentationsThe word φαντασία (= appearance or appearing) is a technical term in Stoic logic for which no one English equivalent is as yet unanimously adopted. It denotes the immediate datum of consciousness or experience, whether presented to sense or in certain cases to the mind. Hence presentation is nearer than perception or impression. It might be thought to correspond to Locke’s simple ideas, for which Hume substituted impressions and ideas; but this is hardly so; for φαντασίαι are given as it were from without, and then with them as materials the mind itself constructs general notions and concepts. and the various products to which they give rise, propositions enunciated and their constituent subjects and predicates, and similar terms whether direct or reversed, genera and species, arguments too, moods, syllogisms and fallacies whether due to the subject matter or to the language;
1.44
these including both false and true and negative arguments, sorites and the like, whether defective, insoluble, or conclusive, and the fallacies known as the Veiled, or Horned, No man, and The Mowers.
