Νόμοι

Bölümler

624–625 625 626 626 627 627–628 628 628 629 629–630 630 630–631 631 631 632 632–633 633 633–634 634 635 635 635–636 636 637 637 638 638 639 639 640 640–641 641 641 641–642 642 642–643 643 643–644 644 644 645 645–646 646 646–647 647 647–648 648 648–649 649 649 650 652–653 653 653 654 654–655 655 655 655–656 656 656–657 657 657–658 658 658 659 659 660 660 660 661 661–662 662 663 663 663 664 664 665 665–666 666 666–667 667 667 668 668 669 669 670 670 671 671 672 672 672–673 673 673 674 674–676 677 677 678 678 679 679–680 680 680–681 681 681 682 682 683 683 684 684–685 685 685 685–686 686–687 687 687 687 688 688–689 689 689 690 690–691 691 691 692 692 693 693–694 694 694 695 695 696 696–697 697 697–698 698 698 699 699–700 700 701 701 701–702 702 704 705 705 706 707 707 708 708 708–709 709 710 710 710–711 711 711–712 712 712–713 713 714 714 714–715 715 715 716 716 717 718 718–719 719 719 720 720 720–721 721 722 722 722 723 723 723–724 724–726 727 728 729 730 731 732 733 734 735 736 737 738 739 740 741 742 743 744 745 746 747 747–751 751–752 752 752–753 753 754 754 755 756 757 758 758 759 760 761 762 763 764 765 766 767 768 768–769 769 769–770 770 771 772 772 773 774 775 776 776 777 777 778 778 779 779 780 780 781 781–782 782 782 783 783 784 785 788 788–789 789 790 790 791 791 792 792 793 793 793 794 794 795 796 796–797 797 797 798 798–799 799 799 800 800 800 801 801 801 802 802 803 803 804 804 805 805 806 806 807 808 809 810 810 811 811 812 812 812 813 813 814 814 815 816 817 817–818 818 818–819 819 819–820 820 820–821 821 821–822 822 822 823 824 824–828 828 829 830 830 831 831 832 832 832–833 833 833 834 835 835 836 837 837 837–838 838 839 839–840 840 840–841 841 841–842 842 842 843 844 845 846 847 848 848 849 850 853 853 854 855 856 856–857 857 857–858 858 859 859–860 860 860 861 861 861 862 862 863 863 864 864 864 865 866 867 867 868 869 869 870 871 872 873 874 875 876 876 877 878 879 880 881 882 884 885 885–886 886 886 886–887 887 887 888 888–889 889 889 890 890 890 891 891 891–892 892 892 893 893 894 894 894–895 895 895–896 896 896 897 897 897–898 898 899 899 899 900 900–901 901 901–902 902 902–903 903 903–904 904 904 905 905 906 906–907 907 907 908 909 910 913 914 915 916 917 918 918 919 920 921 922 922–923 923 924 925 926 926 927 928 929 930 931 931 931 932 933 934 935 936 937 938 941 942 943 944 945 946 947 948 949 950 951 951 952 953 954 955 956 957 958 959 960 960 960–961 961 962 962 962–963 963 963 964 964 964–965 965 965–966 966 966–967 967 967–968 968 968 969 969

İngilizce Yunanca

731

Athenian

Ath. He that thus shares these should be honored as highest in merit; and he that would fain share them but cannot, as second in merit; while if a man is jealous and unwilling to share any good things with anyone in a friendly spirit, then the man himself must be blamed, but his possession must not be disesteemed any the more because of its possessor,—rather one should strive to gain it with all one’s might. Let every one of us be ambitious to gain excellence, but without jealousy. For a man of this character enlarges a State, since he strives hard himself and does not thwart the others by calumny; but the jealous man, thinking that calumny of others is the best way to secure his own superiority, makes less effort himself to win true excellence, and disheartens his rivals by getting them unjustly blamed; whereby he causes the whole State to be ill-trained for competing in excellence, and renders it, for his part, less large in fair repute. Every man ought to be at once passionate and gentle in the highest degree.Cp.Plat. Rep. 375b ff., Plat. Rep. 410c ff. For, on the one hand, it is impossible to escape from other men’s wrongdoings, when they are cruel and hard to remedy, or even wholly irremediable, otherwise than by victorious fighting and self-defence, and by punishing most rigorously; and this no soul can achieve without noble passion. But, on the other hand, when men commit wrongs which are remediable, one should, in the first place, recognize that every wrongdoer is a wrongdoer involuntarily;Cp. Plat. Laws 868c ff.; Plat. Laws 863b ff.; Plat. Prot. 345d ff; Plat. Tim. 86d ff. for no one anywhere would ever voluntarily acquire any of the greatest evils, least of all in his own most precious possessions. And most precious in very truth to every man is, as we have said, the soul. No one, therefore, will voluntarily admit into this most precious thing the greatest evil and live possessing it all his life long. Now while in general the wrong-doer and he that has these evils are to be pitied, it is permissible to show pity to the man that has evils that are remediable, and to abate one’s passion and treat him gently, and not to keep on raging like a scolding wife; but in dealing with the man who is totally and obstinately perverse and wicked one must give free course to wrath. Wherefore we affirm that it behoves the good man to be always at once passionate and gentle. There is an evil, great above all others, which most men have, implanted in their souls, and which each one of them excuses in himself and makes no effort to avoid. It is the evil indicated in the saying that every man is by nature a lover of self, and that it is right that he should be such.Cp. Eur. Fr. 460: ἐκεῖνο γὰρ πέπονθ’ ὅπερ πάντες βροτοί: φιλῶν μάλιστ’ ἐμαυτὸν οὐκ αἰσχύνομαι. Ar. Rhet. 1371b 19; Pol. 1263b 2. But the truth is that the cause of all sins in every case lies in the person’s excessive love of self.

← Önceki bölüm 731 · 1 / 1 Sonraki bölüm →

731

Şifre Yenileme