Kitap 11
16
But they do not meet, because they are, by hypothesis, parallel; therefore the straight lines EF, GH will not meet when produced in the direction of F, H.
16
Similarly we can prove that neither will the straight lines EF, GH meet when produced in the direction of E, G.
16
But straight lines which do not meet in either direction are parallel. [I. Def. 23]
16
Therefore EF is parallel to GH.
16
Therefore etc. Q. E. D.
PROPOSITION 17.
17
If two straight lines be cut by parallel planes, they will be cut in the same ratios.
17
For let the two straight lines AB, CD be cut by the parallel planes GH, KL, MN at the points A, E, B and C, F, D; I say that, as the straight line AE is to EB, so is CF to FD.
17
For let AC, BD, AD be joined, let AD meet the plane KL at the point O, and let EO, OF be joined.
17
Now, since the two parallel planes KL, MN are cut by the plane EBDO, their common sections EO, BD are parallel. [XI. 16]
17
For the same reason, since the two parallel planes GH, KL are cut by the plane AOFC, their common sections AC, OF are parallel. [id.]
17
And, since the straight line EO has been drawn parallel to BD, one of the sides of the triangle ABD, therefore, proportionally, as AE is to EB, so is AO to OD. [VI. 2]
17
Again, since the straight line OF has been drawn parallel to AC, one of the sides of the triangle ADC, proportionally, as AO is to OD, so is CF to FD. [id.]
17
But it was also proved that, as AO is to OD, so is AE to EB; therefore also, as AE is to EB, so is CF to FD. [V. 11]
17
Therefore etc. Q. E. D.
