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1–3 4–2 3–1 2–4 5–2 3 4–2 3–5 1–2 3–4 5–2 3–1 1 2–1 1 2–1 2–1 2 3–2 3–1 2–5 1 2 3–4 5–2 3–2 3–5 1 2–4 5–1 2–1 2–4 1–3 1–5 1–2 3–7 1 2–3 1 2–1 2–5 6–1 2–3 4–5 6–3 1–2 3–4 5–4 1–4 5–3 4–1 2–7 1 2–1 2–3 4 1–6 1–2 3–6 1 2–3 4–2 3–5 6–3 1–4 5–4 5–2 3–1 2–7 1–3 4–2 3–2 3 4–2 3–2 1–7 1–3 4–5 1–4 5–1 2–4 5–1 2 3–2 3 4–2 3–2 1–2 1–8 9–3 1–6 7–3 1–2 1–4 5–1 1 2–4 1–3 4–2 3–6 1–4 1–4 5 6 7–4 5–1 2–4 1 2 3 4–3 4–1 2 3–1 2 3–5 6–2 3–1 2–6 7–2 1–4 5–1 2–4 5–3 4–2 3–2 3 1–2 3–1 2 3–7 1–3 1–3 4–1 2–3 4–3 1–3 4 5–1 2–4 1–5 6–4 1–3 4–2 3–7 8–3 4–2 3–4 1–2 1–2 1–2 3–6 7–4 1–3 4–1 2–1 2–7 8–12 13–2 3–4 5–9 1–3 4–3 4–2 3–1 2–4 5–3 4 5–1 2–7 1–5 6–3 4–8 1–4 5–2 3–1 2 3–2 3–9 1–4 5–9 10–4 5–4 1–7 1–4 1 2–3 4–3 4–3 4–5 6–4 5–4 5–2 3–2 1–3 1–6 1 2 3–2 3–6 1–8 1 2–7 1 2–4 1–2 1–2 3 4–8 1–5 1 2 3–1 2–1 2 3–4 1–4 5–3 4–3 4–1 2–5 6–2 3–6 7–1 2–1 2–3 4–5 6–4 5 1–4 1–3 4–5 1 2 3–4 5–2 3 4–1 2–1 1–3 4–3 4–5 1 2 3–7 1–3 4–2 3–1 2–3 1–5 1–2 3–2 1–5 1–3 4–6 7–8 1–2 3–1 2–4 1–3 4 1–2 3–1 2 3–2 3–1 2 3–2 1–4 5–3 1–4 5–2 3 1–4 1 2 3–5 6–3 4–1 2–3 4–2 3–4 1 2 1–5 6–9 1–4 1–5 1–4 1–2 3–2 3–2 1 2–3 4–3 4–2 3 1–3 4 5–10 11–5 6–2 3 4–2 3 4–1 2–1 2 3–1 2 1–4 5–1 2–4 1–2 3 4–2 1–2 3–4 5–3 1 2–3 4 1–2 3–1 2 1–7 1–4 1–3 4 1 2–1 2–5 6–2 3–1 2–1 2 3–1 2–1 2–4 5–1 2–6 1–3 4–1 1 2–5 6–4 5–4 5–1 2–4 1–3 4–7 1–5 1 2–8 9–2 3–8 1–3 4–5 1–4 1 2 1–2 3–4 5–3 4–1 2 3–5 1–2 3 4–8 9–1 2 3–1 2–1 2 3–1 2–3 4–1 2–3 4–3 4 5–3 1–2 3–2 1–4 1 2–6 1–3 4–5 1–3 4–9 10–5 6–10 11–1 2–3 4–2 1–2 3–2 1–5 6–10 11–3 1–2 3–6 1–3 1–5 6–1 2–3 4 5 6–5 6–1 2–4 5–8 1 2–1 2 3–2 3–2 3–2 1–3 1–2 3–2 3–1 2–4 5–8 9–2 3–5 1 2 1–4 1–2 3–2 1 2–1 2–6 1 2 3 4–2 3–1 2–1 2 3 4–3 4–2 3–2 3–7 8–4 1 2–4 5–3 4–3 1 1 1 1–2 1–4 1 2–1 2–1 2–4 1–3 4–1 2–3 4–2 3–1 2–3 1 2–1 2–4 5–4 5–2 1 2–1 2–5 6–5 6–2 3–6 7–3 4–2 1–3 4–1 2 3–2 3–2 1–2 3–4 5–2 3 4–1 2–4 5–8 9–2 3–2 1–5 1 2–4 1 1–4 1–2 3–5 1 2–3 4–3 1–2 3–5 6–2 3–1 2–1 2–1 2–5 1–5 6–3 4–3 1–3 1 2 3–4 1–3 1 2–3 4–2 1–2 3 4–2 1–4 1 2–1 2 3–1 2–3 4–3 4–3 4–7 8–2 3–2 3 4–7 1–5 1 2 1 2–1 2 3–1 2–3 4–1 2 3–1 2 3 4–3 4–5 1–5 6–3 4 1–2 3 4–1 2–3 4–1 2–4 1–3 4–3 4–2 3–5 1 2 3–5 6–9 1–2 3–2 3–1 2–1 2 3–1 2–4 5–4 5–1 2–3 4–1 2 3 4 1–3 4–2 3–7 1–4 5–1 2–4 1–4 5–2 3–2 3–1 2–1 2–1 2–3 4–5 6–9 10–3 4–1 2–5 1–3 4 1–3 1 2–1 2–1 2–4 1–4 5–8 1–5 6–3 4–2 3–1 2–3 4–6 7–3 4–7 1–5 6–4 5–4 5–3 4–2 3–1 2–1 2–3 4–3 4–1 2–4 1–4 1 1–4 5–3 4–1 2 3–4 1 2 3–2 1–2 3–1 2 1 2–5 6–4 5–2 3–2 3–4 5–4 5–1 2–1 2–4 1–3 4–3 4 5–4 1 2–3 4–3 4 1–4 5–3 4–2 1–3 4–7 1–4 5–3 1 2 3–2 3 4–2 1–7 1 2–1 2 3–2 3–4 5–3 1–3 4 1 2–1 2–5 6–3 1–2 3–6 7–1 2–1 2–1 2 3–2 3–2 3 4–8 9–2 3–6 1 2–4 1–3 4–2 3–2 3–7 8–11 1 2–3 4–1 2–5 1–2 3–1 1–4 5–1 2–1 2–1 2 3–2 1–5 1–2

DEU DEU DEU DEU İngilizce İngilizce İngilizce İngilizce Fransızca Fransızca Yunanca ITA LAT

1–3

παισὶ δ’ αὖ ὅσοι τῶνδε πάρεστε ἢ ἀδελφοῖς ὁρῶ μέγαν τὸν ἀγῶνα (τὸν γὰρ οὐκ ὄντα ἅπας εἴωθεν ἐπαινεῖν), καὶ μόλις ἂν καθ’ ὑπερβολὴν ἀρετῆς οὐχ ὁμοῖοι, ἀλλ’ ὀλίγῳ χείρους κριθεῖτε. φθόνος γὰρ τοῖς ζῶσι πρὸς τὸ ἀντίπαλον, τὸ δὲ μὴ ἐμποδὼν ἀνανταγωνίστῳ εὐνοίᾳ τετίμηται.

εἰ δέ με δεῖ καὶ γυναικείας τι ἀρετῆς, ὅσαι νῦν ἐν χηρείᾳ ἔσονται, μνησθῆναι, βραχείᾳ παραινέσει ἅπαν σημανῶ. τῆς τε γὰρ ὑπαρχούσης φύσεως μὴ χείροσι γενέσθαι ὑμῖν μεγάλη ἡ δόξα καὶ ἧς ἂν ἐπ’ ἐλάχιστον ἀρετῆς πέρι ἢ ψόγου ἐν τοῖς ἄρσεσι κλέος ᾖ.

‘εἴρηται καὶ ἐμοὶ λόγῳ κατὰ τὸν νόμον ὅσα εἶχον πρόσφορα, καὶ ἔργῳ οἱ θαπτόμενοι τὰ μὲν ἤδη κεκόσμηνται, τὰ δὲ αὐτῶν τοὺς παῖδας τὸ ἀπὸ τοῦδε δημοσίᾳ ἡ πόλις μέχρι ἥβης θρέψει, ὠφέλιμον στέφανον τοῖσδέ τε καὶ τοῖς λειπομένοις τῶν τοιῶνδε ἀγώνων προτιθεῖσα· ἆθλα γὰρ οἷς κεῖται ἀρετῆς μέγιστα, τοῖς δὲ καὶ ἄνδρες ἄριστοι πολιτεύουσιν.

νῦν δὲ ἀπολοφυράμενοι ὃν προσήκει ἑκάστῳ ἄπιτε.’

τοιόσδε μὲν ὁ τάφος ἐγένετο ἐν τῷ χειμῶνι τούτῳ· καὶ διελθόντος αὐτοῦ πρῶτον ἔτος τοῦ πολέμου τοῦδε ἐτελεύτα.

τοῦ δὲ θέρους εὐθὺς ἀρχομένου Πελοποννήσιοι καὶ οἱ ξύμμαχοι τὰ δύο μέρη ὥσπερ καὶ τὸ πρῶτον ἐσέβαλον ἐς τὴν Ἀττικήν (ἡγεῖτο δὲ Ἀρχίδαμος ὁ Ζευξιδάμου Λακεδαιμονίων βασιλεύς), καὶ καθεζόμενοι ἐδῄουν τὴν γῆν.

καὶ ὄντων αὐτῶν οὐ πολλάς πω ἡμέρας ἐν τῇ Ἀττικῇ ἡ νόσος πρῶτον ἤρξατο γενέσθαι τοῖς Ἀθηναίοις, λεγόμενον μὲν καὶ πρότερον πολλαχόσε ἐγκατασκῆψαι καὶ περὶ Λῆμνον καὶ ἐν ἄλλοις χωρίοις, οὐ μέντοι τοσοῦτός γε λοιμὸς οὐδὲ φθορὰ οὕτως ἀνθρώπων οὐδαμοῦ ἐμνημονεύετο γενέσθαι.

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1–3

Şifre Yenileme