Book 17
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Ptolemy (Auletes) on being restored by Gabinius, put to death both Archelaus and his daughter;The elder sister of Cleopatra. but not long afterSix months after. he was reinstated in his kingdom, he died a natural death, leaving two sons and two daughters, the eldest of whom was Cleopatra.
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The Alexandrines declared as sovereigns the eldest son and Cleopatra. But the adherents of the son excited a sedition, and banished Cleopatra, who retired with her sister into Syria.About B. C. 49.
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It was about this time that Pompey the Great, in his flight from Palae-pharsalus,B. ix. c. v. § 6. came to Pelusium and Mount Casium. He was treacherously slain by the king’s party. When Caesar arrived, he put the young prince to death, and sending for Cleopatra from her place of exile, appointed her queen of Egypt, declaring also her surviving brother, who was very young, and herself joint sovereigns.
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After the death of Caesar and the battle at Pharsalia, Antony passed over into Asia; he raised Cleopatra to the highest dignity, made her his wife, and had children by her. He was present with her at the battle of Actium, and accompanied her in her flight. Augustus Caesar pursued them, put an end to their power, and rescued Egypt from misgovernment and revelry.
